January 2018 – April 2025

As he ran for New Jersey governor in 2017, Phil Murphy bragged about a telephone conversation he had with California governor Jerry Brown. “I told him I want New Jersey to be the California of the East Coast.” Murphy boasted at campaign stops, alluding to California’s progressive policies, including renewable energy. Murphy campaigned on the promise of transitioning to 100% clean energy by 2050, using offshore wind, solar, and battery storage to power the state’s economy.

Much of Murphy’s energy policy during his two terms can be framed through two key documents, the “2019 Energy Master Plan” released by the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU) in January 2020 and “New Jersey’s Global Warming Response Act 80×50 Report” released by the Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) in October 2020. These two documents detail Murphy’s drive to achieving 100% clean energy in New Jersey by 2050, a goal that he moved up to 2035 in February 2023.

This report details the significant changes to New Jersey’s electric grid infrastructure during Governor Phil Murphy’s two terms, from January 2018 through April 2025, all part of the administration’s renewable energy goals. The analysis focuses on grid-scale energy projects, encompassing completed generation additions (both renewable and non-renewable), energy generator shutdowns and retirements, the development and deployment of energy storage facilities, and major energy generation projects that were cancelled or indefinitely paused. The findings are based on publicly available data from state agencies, regulatory filings, industry reports, and news sources. 

Completed Projects

Year	Project	Status	Energy Type	Capacity (MW)
2018	Sewaren Generating Station	Completed	Natural Gas	538
2018	Haworth Water Treatment Plant	Completed	Petroleum	7.8
2019	DSM Solar (Belvidere)	Completed	Solar PV	20.2
2019	SC Holdings Solar (Cinnaminson)	Completed	Solar PV	13.0
2019	Six Flags Solar (Jackson Twp)	Completed	Solar PV	23.5
2020	Monroe Solar Farm (Monroe Twp)	Completed	Solar PV	12.0
2021	Toms River Merchant Solar	Completed	Solar PV	27.3
2023	Mount Olive Landfill Solar	Completed	Solar PV	25.6
2024	Secaucus Ice Rink Solar	Completed	Solar PV	0.287
				668

Note: Table includes grid-scale projects >1 MW identified in research. Does not capture the full ~2.6 GW of solar added 2018-2024, much of which was smaller net-metered systems.

Completed Solar Projects

New Jersey more than doubled its installed solar capacity between the end of 2017 (2.41 GW) and December 2024, reaching a milestone of 5 GW.⁸ This capacity, distributed across over 209,000 installations, is sufficient to power approximately 700,000 homes.⁸ 

Completed Natural Gas Projects

PSEG commissioned the Sewaren Generating Station (Unit 7) 538 MW natural gas combined cycle unit in Sewaren, Middlesex County, in 2018.¹¹ A smaller 7.8 MW petroleum-fueled generator associated with the Haworth Water Treatment Plant in Bergen County was also commissioned in 2018.¹¹

Retirements

Year	Plant Name	Status	Energy Type	Capacity (MW)
2018	Oyster Creek Nuclear Station	Retired	Nuclear	614 – 652
2019	B.L. England Generating Station	Retired	Coal	450
2022	Logan Generating Plant	Retired	Coal	219 – 225
2022	Chambers Generating Plant	Retired	Coal	244 – 285
2022	Essex Generating Station	Retired	Natural Gas	81
2022	Newark Bay Cogen	Retired	Natural Gas	136
				1744 – 1829

Note: Capacity figures may vary slightly between sources (e.g., nameplate vs. summer capacity). Ranges provided where discrepancies exist.

Retired Nuclear

Oyster Creek Nuclear Generating Station: 

This 614 MW (nameplate capacity often cited slightly higher, e.g., 625 MW or 652 MW) boiling water reactor in Lacey Township permanently ceased operations on September 17, 2018.¹¹ Oyster Creek represented about 15% of the state’s nuclear capacity and 7% of its total electricity production in 2017.¹² Its closure removed a major source of carbon-free baseload power from the grid.

Retired Coal and Natural Gas

B.L. England Generating Station (Beesley’s Point)

This 450 MW coal-fired plant in Upper Township ceased operations on May 1, 2019.¹¹ Its smokestack was demolished in October 2023.¹⁷

Logan Generating Plant

This 225 MW coal-fired cogeneration plant in Logan Township was decommissioned in June 2022.¹¹

Chambers Generating Plant 

This 285 MW coal-fired cogeneration plant in Carneys Point Township was also decommissioned in June 2022.¹¹ 

Essex Generating Station

This older 81 MW natural gas facility in Newark, operated by PSEG, was decommissioned in 2022.¹¹

Newark Bay Cogen

This 136 MW natural gas combined cycle plant in Newark was also retired in 2022.¹¹

The retirement of over 1.5 GW of firm capacity (Oyster Creek nuclear, B.L. England, Logan, Chambers coal plants) between 2018 and 2022 highlights the challenge of replacing dispatchable generation. While solar capacity grew significantly, the loss of these baseload and intermediate resources increased reliance on remaining natural gas plants and power imports, contributing to the grid reliability and cost concerns that emerged later in the period, particularly within the PJM Interconnection market.²⁴

Energy Storage

Year	Project Name/Description	Status	Storage Type	Capacity (MW)
Pre-2018	Yards Creek Pumped Storage	Operating	Pumped Hydro	420 MW
2018	Stryker Road BESS	Completed	Battery	19.8 MW
2019	Plumsted BESS	Completed	Battery	19.8 MW
2025 (Jan)	Unnamed Private Facility	Completed	Battery	20 MW
				480 MW

Note: MWh capacity often not reported for older or proposed projects. MW capacity for redevelopment projects not specified in sources.

Energy storage is considered critical for achieving New Jersey’s clean energy goals, particularly for integrating intermittent renewables like solar and offshore wind, enhancing grid resilience, and reducing emissions.²⁷ The Murphy administration set ambitious targets for storage deployment, but progress in deploying grid-scale facilities lagged significantly behind these goals during the review period.

The Clean Energy Act of 2018 mandated the BPU to establish mechanisms to achieve 600 MW of energy storage by 2021 and 2,000 MW by 2030.²⁸ The 2019 Energy Master Plan reaffirmed these targets.³⁰

The 600 MW target for 2021 was not met.³⁰ As of mid-2022, the state had approximately 500 MW of storage capacity installed or in the pipeline, but the vast majority of this (420 MW) was the pre-existing Yards Creek Pumped Storage facility. Only about 68 MW of new battery storage capacity had been added or was under development by that time.³⁰

Completed Energy Storage Projects

Stryker Road BESS (Warren County): 

19.8 MW battery storage facility completed in 2018.¹¹

Plumsted BESS (Ocean County): 

19.8 MW battery storage facility completed in 2019.¹¹

Unnamed Private Facility: 

A 20 MW battery storage project, operated by a private entity within the PJM market, was reported commissioned in January 2025.³¹

Withdrawn/Cancelled/Paused Projects

Year	Project Name	Status	Energy Type	Planned Capacity (MW)
2018	Phoenix Energy Center (Highland Power Plant)	Indefinitely Stalled/Effectively Not Pursued	Natural Gas	663
2019 (Feb)	B.L. England Generating Station	Withdrawn	Natural Gas	~447
2019	Meadowlands Power Plant (North Bergen Liberty Generating Station)	Indefinitely Stalled	Natural Gas	1200
2023 (Oct)	Ocean Wind 1	Cancelled	Offshore Wind	1100
2023 (Oct)	Ocean Wind 2	Cancelled	Offshore Wind	1148
2023 (Oct)	Keasbey Energy Center (CPV Woodbridge Expansion)	Withdrawn	Natural Gas	630-657
2024 (Jan)	NJ TransitGrid Meadowlands Power Plant	Cancelled by NJ Transit	Natural Gas backup	140
2025 (Feb)	Atlantic Shores (4th Solic. Bid)	Cancelled (by BPU)	Offshore Wind	~1510 (Rebid Est.)
2025 (Ongoing)	Atlantic Shores 1 (2nd Solic.)	Paused/Delayed Project	Offshore Wind	1510
2025 (Ongoing)	Leading Light Wind	Delayed Project	Offshore Wind	2400
2025 (Ongoing)	Attentive Energy Two	Delayed Project	Offshore Wind	1342
				10,580 – 10,607

Note: Atlantic Shores 1 retains its original award but is effectively paused due to Shell withdrawal and cancelled 4th solicitation. Leading Light and Attentive Energy Two are delayed pending resolution of supply chain/viability issues and deadline extensions.

A defining characteristic of this period was the significant difficulty in advancing in-state power generation. Large-scale offshore wind projects, which were intended to be a cornerstone of New Jersey’s clean energy transition, faltered. And multiple natural gas projects were withdrawn and faced cancellation or indefinite delays, leaving the state increasingly reliant upon out-of-state power generation and delivery via the PJM grid.

Phoenix Energy Center (Highlands Power Plant)

Proposed in Holland Township, Hunterdon County, this 663 MW natural gas plant faced immediate opposition due to its location in the Highlands Preservation Area and near the C1-designated Musconetcong River.⁵⁴ In July 2018, the NJDEP granted a Highlands Act redevelopment exemption but found the project inconsistent with the Upper Delaware Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP), effectively blocking further permits without a WQMP amendment.⁵⁵

B.L. England Generating Station

The B.L. England Generating Station, an aging coal and oil-fired power plant in Upper Township, New Jersey, was slated for conversion to natural gas. ⁶⁰ This repowering plan, however, hinged on a controversial 22-mile natural gas pipeline through the protected Pinelands. ⁶¹ After nearly a decade of intense opposition from environmental groups and four former governors, who cited violations of Pinelands protections and questioned the project’s necessity and environmental benefits, the plant’s owner, RC Cape May Holdings, abandoned the repowering plan in February 2019.  This decision effectively killed the pipeline project and led to the plant’s permanent closure in May 2019. ⁶²

Meadowlands Power Plant (North Bergen Liberty Generating Station)

The proposed 1,200 MW Meadowlands Power Plant (also North Bergen Liberty Generating Station) in Hudson County faced significant opposition from environmental groups like Empower NJ due to concerns about air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in an already industrialized area.⁶³ As of early 2019, the project’s NJDEP air quality permit application was on hold while the developers, North Bergen Liberty Generating, LLC, reportedly made design changes.⁶⁴ Although it had secured some initial land use permits by July 2018 ⁶⁵, the project’s ultimate status and whether it was formally withdrawn or cancelled primarily due to this opposition within the 2018-2025 timeframe is not definitively stated in the provided information.

Ørsted’s Ocean Wind 1 & Ocean Wind 2

These projects represented the first major awards under the Murphy administration’s offshore wind push.

Ocean Wind 1 (1,100 MW) was awarded in the state’s first solicitation (June 2019). This project, positioned 15 miles off Atlantic City, was expected to be the state’s first large offshore wind farm, initially targeting completion around 2024-2025.¹ Ocean Wind 2 (1,148 MW) was awarded in the second solicitation (June 2021), with targeting operation around 2028-2029.¹

In July 2023, the Murphy administration signed a bill giving Ørsted a $1 Billion tax credit on Ocean Wind 1. Just three months later, Ørsted abruptly cancelled both projects, citing significant adverse impacts from macroeconomic factors including high inflation, rising interest rates, and supply chain constraints, which dramatically altered project economics.³⁶ This removed nearly 2.25 GW of planned capacity. The state later reached a settlement with Ørsted for $125 million, significantly less than the $300 million potential penalty outlined in the project agreement.⁴⁰

Keasbey Energy Center (CPV Woodbridge Expansion)

Competitive Power Ventures (CPV) proposed the Keasbey Energy Center, a 630-657 MW natural gas plant in Woodbridge.⁶⁶ Facing strong opposition from environmental groups and local municipalities over GHG emissions, air pollution, and EJ impacts, the project underwent a lengthy NJDEP air permit review. In October 2023, CPV withdrew the project, citing unfavorable PJM market conditions and an expiring interconnection agreement.⁶⁷

NJ TransitGrid Meadowlands Power Plant

NJ Transit proposed a 140 MW natural gas-fired backup power plant in Kearny, Hudson County, as part of a resiliency project following Superstorm Sandy. The project faced strong opposition from environmental justice advocates and local communities concerned about air pollution and climate impacts in an already burdened area. In January 2024, NJ Transit announced it was scrapping the plan for the gas-fired plant, citing improvements to the regional power grid that made the project less necessary and redirecting federal funding to other resiliency projects.⁵⁶

Atlantic Shores

Developed by a joint venture of Shell and EDF Renewables, Atlantic Shores secured a large award in the second solicitation and became the most advanced project after Ørsted’s withdrawal.

Atlantic Shores 1 (1,510 MW) was awarded in June 2021, targeting operation around 2028.¹ The project received key federal environmental approvals in 2024.⁴⁰ Atlantic Shores was the sole remaining bidder in the state’s fourth offshore wind solicitation (launched May 2024, seeking 1.2-4 GW) after other bidders withdrew.³⁸  After President Trump issued an executive order pausing federal offshore wind leasing and permitting (Jan 20, 2025) ³⁸; Shell announced it was pausing investment and backing away from the project, writing off nearly $1 billion (Jan 30, 2025) ³⁶; consequently, the NJ BPU cancelled the fourth solicitation entirely (Feb 3, 2025), citing the federal uncertainty and Shell’s move.³⁸

While Atlantic Shores 1 technically retains its original 2021 OREC award ³⁸, the project is effectively stalled or indefinitely paused. Shell’s pause, the lack of a successful rebid in the cancelled fourth solicitation, potential ongoing federal hurdles (an EPA permit hold was reported in March 2025 ³⁵), and market uncertainty create significant obstacles, despite the developer stating continued commitment.³⁸ Construction originally planned for 2025 is now unlikely.³⁸

Leading Light Wind

This project, developed by Invenergy and energyRe, was awarded 2,400 MW in the third solicitation (January 2024).¹ However, it faced immediate challenges. Leading Light requested and received a deadline extension from the BPU in September 2024, citing difficulties in securing a supply of economically viable wind turbines.³⁵ A further delay was requested in January 2025.³⁸ The project’s future remains uncertain amidst the broader industry turmoil and supply chain issues.³⁵

Attentive Energy

Also awarded in the third solicitation (1,342 MW, January 2024) ¹, this project received a one-year extension from the BPU in April 2025 for meeting key financial commitment deadlines, pushing them to January 2026, reflecting the ongoing uncertainties.³⁵

Meadowlands Power Plant (North Bergen Liberty Generating Station)

This was a significant proposal for a 1,200 MW natural gas-fired power plant in North Bergen, Hudson County, an area already contending with substantial industrial activity and air quality concerns.⁵⁸ The project was prominently featured in the Empower NJ coalition’s February 2019 report, which identified twelve fossil fuel projects, including four power plants, that the coalition was actively opposing due to their collective potential to increase greenhouse gas emissions and undermine New Jersey’s climate goals.⁵⁹

Concluding Remarks

The period from January 2018 to April 2025 under the Murphy administration was marked by ambitious clean energy goal-setting for New Jersey, leading to tangible successes but also significant setbacks.

State policies, including the strengthened RPS and dedicated solar incentive programs (SREC, TREC, SuSI), proved highly effective in driving solar deployment. New Jersey more than doubled its installed solar capacity, reaching 5 GW by the end of 2024, demonstrating that targeted state support can yield substantial results in specific renewable sectors.⁸

Significant amounts of legacy generating capacity were retired, including the state’s oldest nuclear plant (Oyster Creek) and its last major coal facilities (B.L. England, Logan, Chambers).¹¹ These retirements, along with strong opposition to new natural gas projects, driven by regulatory factors, economics, and corporate strategy, advanced decarbonization goals but also removed substantial firm capacity from the grid, increasing the urgency for reliable replacements.

The administration’s flagship initiative to build a large offshore wind industry faced catastrophic challenges. Despite multiple gigawatts of project awards, macroeconomic pressures (inflation, interest rates, supply chain disruptions) combined with federal policy uncertainty led to the cancellation of the pioneering Ocean Wind projects and the indefinite stalling or delay of the subsequent Atlantic Shores, Leading Light, and Attentive Energy projects.³⁵ This effectively halted progress on what was intended to be the primary engine for achieving the state’s 2035 clean electricity goal.

Deployment of grid-scale energy storage significantly lagged behind the state’s targets (missing the 600 MW goal for 2021).³⁰ While incentive programs were under development and a large pipeline of projects awaited interconnection and state support, the delay in implementation created a potential gap in the resources needed to balance the grid, integrate renewables, and ensure reliability as legacy plants retired.³⁰

Concerns over grid reliability and electricity costs have intensified in recent months, particularly within the PJM Interconnection market.²⁴ PJM’s lengthy generator interconnection queues hampered the entry of new resources (predominantly renewables and storage) ²⁵, while retiring firm capacity and growing demand (including from data centers ³) contributed to tight supply conditions and sharp increases in capacity market prices.⁴⁹

New Jersey stands at a critical juncture. The failure of the initial offshore wind strategy necessitates a significant re-evaluation of pathways to meet the ambitious 2035 clean energy target. Managing growing electricity demand while transitioning the generation mix presents a complex balancing act.

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